More women than ever are earning graduate business degrees, and at younger ages than ever before. But it’s unclear whether these women are gaining much from the degree, with persistent wage gaps between men and women who have the same business credentials and work experience.
如今，越來越多的女性正在獲得商學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，且年齡越來越小。但是，即便取得這類學(xué)位，女性能否得到更多報酬，目前并不明確。畢竟，即便擁有相同的商學(xué)學(xué)位和工作經(jīng)驗，男性與女性之間，依然存在工資差距。
Last year, almost 106,000 women — the highest number ever — took the GMAT, the standard admissions test for entry to MBA programs and other business graduate programs, according to the latest figures from the Graduate Management Admissions Council (GMAC), which owns the test. And the majority of test-takers between June 2009 and 2010 were 30 years old or younger.
美國管理專業(yè)研究生入學(xué)考試委員會（GMAC）最新公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，去年，參加管理專業(yè)研究生入學(xué)考試（GMAT）的女性人數(shù)約為10.6萬人，創(chuàng)歷史最高紀(jì)錄。并且在2009年6月至2010年期間，大部分考生的年齡均在30歲以下。GMAT是工商管理學(xué)碩士（MBA）課程及其他商學(xué)研究生課程的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)入學(xué)考試，由GMAC主辦。
In addition to MBAs, more women are pursuing graduate business degrees in disciplines like finance and accounting, GMAC found in its 2011 report.
另據(jù)GMAC 在2011年公布的報告顯示，除MBA外，攻讀金融與會計等其他商學(xué)碩士學(xué)位的女性人數(shù)也有所增加。
Concerns about the steep cost of a degree — which can run $100,000 or more for a top business school — and going into debt have been top factors in women’s reluctance to enroll in an MBA program. In contrast, the main concern for men is the outcome, or job prospects, following a degree, according to GMAC. Other business degrees such as finance or accounting are a more affordable option, and nearly two-thirds of these degrees are awarded to women.
頂級商學(xué)院的學(xué)費可高達(dá)10萬美元，甚至更高。對高昂的學(xué)費和欠債的擔(dān)憂，是影響女性選擇攻讀MBA學(xué)位的主要因素。而GMAC的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，男性最大的擔(dān)憂，則是學(xué)位能帶來什么樣的實際收益，或者是就業(yè)前景。金融或會計等其他商務(wù)類學(xué)位的學(xué)費較為便宜，約2/3的此類學(xué)位被授予女性。
Despite their growing numbers, all is not rosy for female business graduates entering the working world. Last year, women MBA graduates received half the job offers — one versus two, on average — of their male counterparts, despite sending out 20% more applications, according to GMAC.
盡管商學(xué)院的女性人數(shù)不斷增加，但她們畢業(yè)后的就業(yè)前景并不樂觀。GMAC統(tǒng)計結(jié)果顯示，去年的MBA畢業(yè)生中，女性獲得的工作機會僅為男性的一半，而她們提交的工作申請卻比男性多出20%。
Women often seek to acquire different skills than men when they decide to go to grad school for business, says Gregg Schoenfeld, GMAC’s director of management education, who oversaw the council’s survey of 40,000 prospective business school students.
GMAC對4萬名有意報考商學(xué)院的學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。該委員會管理教育部主任格雷戈?舍恩菲爾德負(fù)責(zé)對調(diào)查進(jìn)行監(jiān)督。他表示，通常情況下，在決定就讀商學(xué)院時，女性希望掌握的技能與男性有所不同。
“Gender plays a key role in determining people’s priorities and the sets of skills they want to gain most from their education,” he says.
他說：“學(xué)生在確定需要優(yōu)先掌握的技能時，性別起著關(guān)鍵作用。”
GMAC’s prospective students report found that men wanted to become more adept at handling technical and operational challenges while women were more likely to say they wanted to develop their management skills.
GMAC對有意申請入學(xué)的學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查后發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性希望能夠更加靈活地應(yīng)對技術(shù)和操作方面的挑戰(zhàn)，而女性則更希望學(xué)習(xí)管理技能。
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