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“裝飾藝術(shù)是人類需要愉悅和逃亡的反映。”這句話寫(xiě)在倫敦維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館的展廳入口處，引領(lǐng)著人們走進(jìn)去，同時(shí)也點(diǎn)燃了我們內(nèi)心的愿望。

“Decorative art is the reflection of human needs of pleasure and escape.” This sentence is written on the entrance of the exhibition room of the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, leading visitors into the museum and igniting the desire in our inner hearts.

裝飾藝術(shù)百寶箱
A Treasure Case of Decorative Art

——倫敦維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館
——Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A)

如果說(shuō)到倫敦的博物館，不知道V&A的話未免遺憾，雖然它排在大英博物館之后位居第二，但卻絲毫不能掩蓋它在藝術(shù)和設(shè)計(jì)收藏領(lǐng)域內(nèi)全球首位的分量與榮耀。

When it comes to museums in London, knowing about the V&A is essential. It may be ranked second to the British Museum, officially; but in the fields of art and design, its collections are unsurpassed. The gloriously extensive range of exhibits means the V&A – as it’s universally known – has no rival in these artistic areas.

肯辛頓（Kinsington）曾經(jīng)被英國(guó)媒體評(píng)選為“世界最貴的十條街道”之首。作為皇室居所肯辛頓宮之所在，這個(gè)“貴”所指當(dāng)然是富貴，而維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館就在這里。博物館現(xiàn)在的名字是1899年的時(shí)候由南肯辛頓博物館（South Kensington Museum）更名而來(lái)的，為紀(jì)念創(chuàng)造了空前繁榮的“維多利亞時(shí)代”的傳奇女王和她畢生熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)的丈夫阿爾伯特親王。也正是這個(gè)名字，準(zhǔn)確記錄了這座“藝術(shù)檔案館”的精彩開(kāi)端。

Its location, Kensington, emerged in top position of “The World’s Richest Streets” in a British media survey. This London borough is where the Royal residence, Kensington Palace, can be found, and these are streets where the wealthy and socially prominent have long made their homes. The current name of the museum was changed from the South Kensington Museum in 1899 to honor the legendary Queen Victoria. Her name defined the “Victorian Era,” which brought unprecedented prosperity to Britain, and her husband, Prince Albert, was a great supporter of the arts in his lifetime. The combination of their names is how these splendid “Art Archives” have come to be known across the world.

1851年，被稱作“萬(wàn)國(guó)博覽會(huì)”的首屆世博會(huì)在維多利亞和阿爾伯特的大力支持下亮相于世，并于圓滿結(jié)束后創(chuàng)造了18萬(wàn)英鎊的盈余。這筆資金在第二年為英國(guó)奠定了兩個(gè)博物館的展品基礎(chǔ)，肯辛頓科學(xué)技術(shù)博物館（Science Museum）是其一，另一個(gè)就是維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館。歷經(jīng)了150多個(gè)年頭，從繪畫(huà)、雕塑到攝影，從陶瓷、玻璃器皿到珠寶，從金屬、紡織制品到家具，甚至包括服裝和建筑，憑借涵蓋200多個(gè)種類的400多萬(wàn)件藝術(shù)展品，V&A已經(jīng)在世界裝飾藝術(shù)收藏領(lǐng)域獨(dú)占鰲頭。

In 1851, the first World Expo, or the “World’s Fair,” became familiar to the world largely through the vigorous support of Victoria and Albert. The hugely successful Fair created a surplus of 180,000 pounds, and after its conclusion, these funds formed the solid financial foundation for two British museums: the Kensington Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum. The ensuing 150 years have seen constant growth and development, and today the V&A dominates the global field of Decorative Arts’ collections, with its array of more than 4 million exhibits. The range of these exhibits extends to some 200 types of decorative arts: paintings, sculptures, photography, ceramics, glassware, jewellery, metal, textiles, furniture, and even clothing and architecture.

不同于以大英博物館為代表的一系列世界知名的倫敦博物館，V&A的館藏源自世界的每一個(gè)角落，只要那個(gè)角落中埋藏著人類的實(shí)用藝術(shù)結(jié)晶，就必然會(huì)有一些片段被收入這只百寶箱。領(lǐng)略過(guò)這里的人會(huì)有一種強(qiáng)烈的體會(huì)，那就是絲毫不會(huì)有被歷史的厚重感壓迫呼吸的感覺(jué)，反而可能完全忘記自己正徜徉在幾百年、上千年的時(shí)光逆流中，原因就是V&A從不強(qiáng)調(diào)展品的斷代年份。這不禁讓人恍然在意識(shí)中撿起了展廳門(mén)口的那句話——既然是為了找尋逃離現(xiàn)實(shí)的愉悅，當(dāng)然應(yīng)該過(guò)濾掉一切刻板的框架，只留下純粹的藝術(shù)之美來(lái)做伴。

Collections at the V&A come from all corners of the world – no matter how far-flung – as long as the peoples of these corners have created true classics of decorative art and design. But the scope of the resulting collection doesn’t overwhelm. Visitors to the V&A risk neither geographic nor historic overdose. Instead, chances are high they’ll be entirely unaware of their artistic journey through the ages, for the V&A doesn’t stress the date of creation of its exhibits. Let’s go back to the quotation which greets visitors. “Decorative art is the reflection of human needs of pleasure and escape.” The V&A’s defining motto? Step out of time. Enjoy the sheer artistic beauty you find here.

在這里，自然可以看到米開(kāi)朗基羅的大衛(wèi)和康斯坦布爾的畫(huà)作，但更多的則是像中國(guó)漢代的玉器、意大利的玻璃制品、維多利亞時(shí)代的服裝等這樣的手工藝品，設(shè)計(jì)感和工藝水準(zhǔn)是V&A藏品準(zhǔn)入的首要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此，V&A在展示一件件獨(dú)立展品的同時(shí)，也記錄了人類對(duì)美好和藝術(shù)的追求軌跡，尤其讓我們看到近代以來(lái)，始終有一群人為提高生活品質(zhì)、增添生活情趣，在家具和服裝等實(shí)用領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了大量精美而富創(chuàng)造力的設(shè)計(jì)。而這些設(shè)計(jì)提供的是一種真真切切的感受，代表著文明進(jìn)步給生活帶來(lái)的喜悅與滿足。

Visitors’ eyes are dazzled by an array of handicrafts. There are Chinese jades from the Han Dynasty. Alongside, you will find Italian glass. Next, clothes from the Victorian Era. Quality of design and standard of technology are the crucial criteria for the collections at the V&A; therefore, whilst showing separate exhibits, the V&A’s collections effectively create a record of the human race’s pursuit of beauty and arts. And when that record of quality and design reaches contemporary times, it offers visitors something yet more: an opportunity to see that there are still people crafting exquisite and imaginative pieces of furniture and clothing. These are items which improve the quality of life and sprinkle delight on everyday existence. These designs remind us of the existence of authenticity, of true authorship, and represent the pleasure and satisfaction progressive civilization can bring.

對(duì)于設(shè)計(jì)師而言，V&A就是一座讓人流連忘返的藝術(shù)寶藏。英國(guó)時(shí)尚教母Vivienne Westwood年輕時(shí)曾無(wú)數(shù)次來(lái)到這里，從傳統(tǒng)服裝和維多利亞時(shí)代的傳統(tǒng)繪畫(huà)中學(xué)習(xí)服裝的結(jié)構(gòu)。一個(gè)極端叛逆的設(shè)計(jì)師竟然在這堆極端傳統(tǒng)的古董里發(fā)掘到了靈感，更不可思議的是，她的作品也被V&A著名的服裝館藏所收錄，讓Vivienne不羈的熱情得到了最好的歸宿。

When it comes to designers, the V&A has itself long been considered an art treasure. British fashion guru, Vivienne Westwood, came here frequently in her youth to study the structure of clothing from garments and paintings during the Victoria Era. It may astound some that a rebellious designer drew inspiration from these traditional artefacts; but it’s a perfect example of the range of the museum’s exhibits, and its eclectic galleries, that her work has been included in the renowned ‘Clothing Collection’ at the V&A. That display remains to this day an admired showcase of the uninhibited passion for fashion of Westwood.

本文由北京翻譯公司品格翻譯提供，未經(jīng)允許，不得轉(zhuǎn)載。