品格為ICF International Inc提供高級翻譯(CHI→ENG)，翻譯內(nèi)容：歐盟碳排放權(quán)交易體系。
真實譯文展示（如有保密內(nèi)容均以XX替代）
Sample of real translation (Confidentiality retained with XX)
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Eu ets: Choice of EMISSIONS monitoring methodology and ASSOCIATED conditions
歐盟碳排放權(quán)交易體系：排放監(jiān)測方法的選擇及相關(guān)條件
- The MRR allows operators to choose either a calculation-based methodology or a measurement-based methodology to determine the emissions from an installation.
- Calculation-based methodology: Emissions determined either by a standard approach of multiplying the activity data concerning each source stream by relevant calculation factors, or by a mass-balance approach.
- Measurement-based methodology: Emissions determined by means of continuous measurement of the concentration of the relevant greenhouse gas in the flue gas of each emission source, multiplied by the corresponding measurement of flue-gas flow.
- Subject to competent authority approval an installation can employ a combination of the different methodologies.
- Whatever approach is applied, the operator also needs to meet the other conditions specified by the MRR, including in relation to required tiers.
- 監(jiān)測與報告法規(guī)允許經(jīng)營者選擇基于計算的方法或基于測量的方法，用于確定裝置的排放量。
- 基于計算的方法：通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法，將各源流的相關(guān)活動數(shù)據(jù)乘以計算系數(shù)，或通過質(zhì)量平衡法，確定排放量。
- 基于測量的方法通過持續(xù)測量各排放源煙氣中的相關(guān)溫室氣體濃度，乘以對煙氣流的相關(guān)測量結(jié)果，確定排放量。
- 在獲得主管部門審批后，裝置可以采用不同方法的組合。
- 無論采用哪種方法，經(jīng)營者還需要符合監(jiān)測與報告法規(guī)規(guī)定的其他條件，包括與必要層級有關(guān)的條件。
Eu ets EXPERIENCE OF CEMS
歐盟碳排放權(quán)交易體系使用CEMS的經(jīng)驗
- Despite the option to apply either a calculation-based or a measurement-based approach to determine emissions, use of CEMS for EU ETS compliance remains very limited.
- Some operators have extensive experience of using CEMS in relation to other legislation for pollutants other than CO2, but this tends to be only where measurements of concentration are required.
- Representative measurement of flow, and the added expense, is of particular concern.
- One industry sector unofficially mentioned an unpublished trade association study demonstrating systematic differences in flow measurements compared to calculation of 5-10%, and emphasised the utmost importance of corroborating calculations to identify where something is wrong so that corrective action can be taken.
- Most EU ETS operators are small with limited (or nil) in-house technical expertise and infrastructure available to support CEMS.
- Many of the larger better resourced installations have multiple emission points and have found it more economical and efficient to calculate their emissions instead.
- 雖然在確定排放量時可以自行選擇采用基于計算或基于測量的方法，但歐盟碳排放權(quán)交易體系中對CEMS的使用非常有限。
- 一些經(jīng)營者因為在除二氧化碳以外的其他污染物立法方面，積累了使用CEMS的豐富經(jīng)驗，但這僅限于需要測量濃度的情況。
- 尤其是對流量和額外成本進(jìn)行代表性測量。
- 一個工業(yè)部門非正式地提到一項未發(fā)布的行業(yè)協(xié)會研究，證明流量測量結(jié)果與5%至10%的計算結(jié)果之間存在系統(tǒng)性差異，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了確證計算對于識別錯誤和采取糾正措施的重要性。
- 歐盟碳排放權(quán)交易體系的大多數(shù)經(jīng)營者規(guī)模較小，可用于支持CEMS的內(nèi)部專業(yè)技術(shù)知識和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施有限（甚至為零）。
- 許多資源更充足的大型裝置有多個排放點，并發(fā)現(xiàn)計算排放量更經(jīng)濟(jì)、更高效。
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