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當(dāng)前市域(郊)鐵路是都市圈交通體系中的短板，但未來(lái)發(fā)展?jié)摿薮?。梳理市?郊)鐵路在城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展中的定位，認(rèn)為市域(郊)鐵路與城市軌道交通優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、分層服務(wù)于都市圈發(fā)展。由于發(fā)展認(rèn)識(shí)偏差、主體協(xié)調(diào)障礙、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)多樣、市場(chǎng)規(guī)則不清等原因，導(dǎo)致其發(fā)展滯后。從鐵路行業(yè)發(fā)展視角來(lái)看，國(guó)鐵企業(yè)參與市域(郊)鐵路發(fā)展是服務(wù)群眾美好出行、履行政治責(zé)任和社會(huì)責(zé)任的充分體現(xiàn)，同時(shí)有利于強(qiáng)化鐵路在綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系中的地位，也為推進(jìn)國(guó)鐵企業(yè)市場(chǎng)化經(jīng)營(yíng)提供了機(jī)遇。提出國(guó)鐵企業(yè)應(yīng)從參與頂層設(shè)計(jì)、提高鐵路在都市圈運(yùn)輸市場(chǎng)中的份額、探索外部效益內(nèi)部化的商業(yè)模式、開(kāi)發(fā)運(yùn)營(yíng)中的大數(shù)據(jù)資源、提升智能化運(yùn)營(yíng)水平等方面把握重大契機(jī)。
The current commuter (suburban) rail is a weak link in the transportation system of metropolitan areas, but it has great potential for future development. In analyzing the position of commuter (suburban) rail in urbanization development, the paper has found that commuter (suburban) rail and urban rail transit are mutually complementary and serve the development of metropolitan areas at different levels. Due to reasons like deviated understanding in development, coordination barrier of relevant stakeholders, diverse technical standards, and unclear market rules, commuter (suburban) rail is underdeveloped. From the perspective of railway industry development, serving people’s need for better trip and fulfilling political and social responsibilities can be fully reflected if China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (China Railway) can participate in the development of commuter (suburban) rail. Such participation, while enhancing the railway’s position in the comprehensive transportation regime, also provides an opportunity for market-based operation of China Railway. The paper has proposed that China Railway should leverage the opportunities that exist in top-level design participation, share increase of railway in the transportation market of metropolitan areas, commercial mode exploration that internalizes external benefits, big data resource development in operation, and enhanced levels of intelligent operation.
重慶是西部陸海新通道物流和運(yùn)營(yíng)組織中心，加快物流體系優(yōu)化對(duì)重慶融入和支撐西部陸海新通道建設(shè)至關(guān)重要，對(duì)重慶形成陸海內(nèi)外聯(lián)動(dòng)、東西雙向互濟(jì)的開(kāi)放新格局具有重要意義。梳理總結(jié)當(dāng)前重慶西部陸海新通道的運(yùn)行特征，指出重慶西部陸海新通道物流組織已形成以鐵海聯(lián)運(yùn)、跨境公路和跨境鐵路三種常態(tài)化運(yùn)行方式，呈現(xiàn)通道格局多元、輻射范圍廣泛的特征。立足重慶視角分析現(xiàn)狀存在對(duì)外運(yùn)輸通道不通暢、樞紐平臺(tái)發(fā)展不充分、多式聯(lián)運(yùn)銜接不順暢等問(wèn)題。提出暢通對(duì)外運(yùn)輸通道、完善樞紐平臺(tái)建設(shè)、優(yōu)化多式聯(lián)運(yùn)組織等優(yōu)化策略。重慶需要將區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)，建好物流和運(yùn)營(yíng)組織中心，積極融入和支撐西部陸海新通道建設(shè)。
Chongqing, as the logistics and operation organization center of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor (the Corridor), has an urgency to optimize the logistics system. This is important for Chongqing to integrate itself into and support the construction of the Corridor, as well as meaningful for the city to form a new opening-up pattern featuring land-sea and east-west linkage. By laying out the operational characteristics of the Corridor in Chongqing, this paper has concluded three regular operational modes serving the logistics organization of the Corridor. The three modes, including railway-sea transport, cross-border highways, and cross-border railways, demonstrate the diverse patterns and wide coverage of the Corridor. Taking the perspective of Chongqing, the paper has analyzed the current issues that range from unsmooth external transportation channel, underdeveloped hub platform, to unsmooth connection of multimodal transport. Following the identification of issues, the paper has proposed optimizing strategies of unblocking the external transport channel, improving the development of hub platform, and optimizing the organization of multimodal transport. To leverage its geographical advantage and turn it into use for development, Chongqing must build itself to become a logistics and operation organization center that actively integrates into and supports the construction of the Corridor.
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