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從猿到人
From Ape to Man

人類的祖先在樹上攀爬抓握的過程中，拇指與另外四只分開，并逐漸顯示出特殊的能力——對握。他們需要這樣的能力來保證靈活的穿梭樹枝之間，這也是現(xiàn)代人類最為值得驕傲的進化之一。
When the ancestors of human beings climbed and grasped the trees, their thumbs separated from the other four fingers and they gradually showed a special ability –“squeeze” gripping. They needed this ability to ensure flexible shuttling through tree branches, and this is one of the evolutions that modern human beings are most proud of.

化石——生命歷史的見證
The Fossil —Witness of Life History

化石通過不同的形成方式向我們展示了過去的生物世界。研究化石，我們可以推測出地球和地球上的生命在這30億年間的發(fā)展史。它們見證了生命戲劇性的進化過程和地球曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷的巨大變化。通過化石，我們還可以想象出遠古時期動植物的外貌以及它們的生活方式。
Fossils show us the past biological world through different formation modes. We can speculate the development history of the earth and lives on the earth over the 3 billion years by studying fossils. They have witnessed the dramatic evolutionary process of lives and the substantial changes that the earth has gone through. We can also imagine the appearances of animals and plants in remote antiquity and their life styles via fossils.

化石的形成過程
Formation process of fossils

一個生物體死后，它可能被分解，也可能被松軟的沉積物掩埋。成巖過程中發(fā)生的復(fù)雜化學(xué)作用，又可能將其溶解，如果周圍的巖石也已固化形成鑄型，滲入其中的礦物填充鑄型成為化石。
An organism can either be decomposed or be buried by soft sediments after death. In addition, it can also be dissolved by the complex chemical actions that occur during diagenesis process; if the surrounding rocks are solidified and casts are formed, the minerals infiltrated fill in the casts and become fossils.

哺乳動物大繁盛
The Thriving of Mammals

生命通過細胞分裂而成長，種群中的個體數(shù)量因繁殖而增長。在沒有天敵、沒有營養(yǎng)或食物限制的天堂，細胞數(shù)或生物個體數(shù)N=N0ert，其中N0是初始數(shù)量，r是繁殖率減死亡率，t代表時間。在表盤上以時間為轉(zhuǎn)軸，數(shù)量為指針長度畫出這個關(guān)系，就是一條黃金螺線。
Life quantity grows by cell division, and number of individuals in a population increases through reproduction. In an ideal environment without natural enemies and without nutrition or food limitations, the cell number or the number of individual organisms N=N0ert, wherein, N0is the initial amount, r is reproductive rate minus death rate, and t stands for time. If we plot this relationship in a dial plate with time as the pivot and amount as the pointer length, a golden spiral appears.

物種因自我復(fù)制而增長，決定了生命形狀的自相似性。這種自相似在樹狀分形和黃金螺線上達到了完美的表現(xiàn)，而黃金螺線更不僅限于描繪的生命形狀。
Species increase by self-replication which determines the self-similarity of life shapes. This self-similarity is manifested perfectly in fractal tree and golden spiral, though the golden spiral is more than depicting life shapes.

由于地球環(huán)境包容性的限制，導(dǎo)致生命的增長存在著上限，乃至物種的滅絕，適者生存是一種自然法則。盡管生命的形狀為適應(yīng)環(huán)境做出了各種改變，仍難掩飾以自然對數(shù)為底，指數(shù)生長的內(nèi)稟屬性。
Due to restrictions of environmental munificence, there exists upper limit of the increase of lives, and species can even become extinct. Survival of the fittest is a law of nature. Although there are lots of changes made by life shapes for acclimatization, the intrinsic attribute of exponential growth with the base of natural logarithm still cannot be concealed.